Automatically change a file name using a variable

Hello
thank you for your response, which works perfectly. But as you mentioned in the post, it is necessary to open the previous year's file. The accountant who will use this file may not necessarily think to open both documents at the same time, and that’s where it could get stuck. That’s why I was leaning towards a macro and reached out to the list, as I don’t know the language.
Nevertheless, it’s really nice of you to have responded so quickly, I thank you again via55. I didn’t know the indirect function, which I have immediately added to my knowledge repertoire.
Best regards
Robby

Excuse me, it's me again... I'm thinking (in the info we never stop thinking even at night), through the indirect function I open my two files for the first time at the end of the year, I update it the following year using this function and now... I would need a macro that keeps in the cell for the previous year the content given by the indirect function; it could even be next to the cell. I would hide the column where the indirect function is located. Would there be a kind soul to help me with this macro???
Best regards
Robby

Bonjour

A method to adapt
Macro known as Walkenbach

Sub lire_ferme()
Dim path As String, year As Integer
 path = ThisWorkbook.Path ' TO ADAPT
 year = ExecuteExcel4Macro("'" & path & "\[source.xls]Sheet1'!R2C1") 'R2C1=A2, NAME OF THE WORKBOOK TO ADAPT
 Msgbox "workbookname" & year
End Sub 

Michel

Good evening Michel
I apologize, but I am completely clueless about macros. I can manage Excel itself without macros, but I am a total beginner with macros. So if you could clarify the code for me, it would be a great help. Here is the information:
the path is: F:\Poney Club du Moulin\Comptabilité\
in this folder I have the current accounting: 2014_comptabilité.xlsm with among others a 'bilan' sheet and a 'compte de résultat' sheet and the future 2015_comptabilité.xlsm with among others a 'bilan' sheet and a 'compte de résultat' sheet that are currently empty since the year has not yet started, except that in the 2015 file I need to read the 2014 information and place it in this 2015 sheet..
Thank you in advance for your help
Best regards
Robby

Hello
Not knowing much about VBA, I searched, fumbled based on what my two teachers advised me, and I truly thank them because without them I would still be searching and I eventually found the right solution (in my eyes, perhaps there's a simpler way). I'm sharing this in case someone else is looking for the same problem as mine.
Best regards
Robby
And a big thank you to via55 and michel_m

Sub ImportDataWithoutOpening()

Dim Path As String, File As String
Path = "F:\Poney Club du Moulin\Comptabilité\"
File = "2014_Comptabilité Poney Club.xlsm"
'Range D8 to D21
ThisWorkbook.Names.Add "range", _
RefersTo:="='" & Path & "[" & File & "]General income statement'!$C$8:$C$21"
With Sheets("General income statement")
.[D8:D21] = "=range"
.[D8:D21].Copy
Sheets("General income statement").Range("$D$8:$D$21").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
'.[D8:D21].Clear
End With

'Range1 D27 to D55

ThisWorkbook.Names.Add "range1", _
RefersTo:="='" & Path & "[" & File & "]General income statement'!$C$27:$C$55"
With Sheets("General income statement")
.[D27:D55] = "=range1"
.[D27:D55].Copy
Sheets("General income statement").Range("$D$27:$D$55").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
' .[D27:D55].Clear
End With

'Range2 D61 to D63

ThisWorkbook.Names.Add "range2", _
RefersTo:="='" & Path & "[" & File & "]General income statement'!$C$61:$C$63"
With Sheets("General income statement")
.[D61:D63] = "=range2"
.[D61:D63].Copy
Sheets("General income statement").Range("$D$61:$D$63").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
' .[D27:D55].Clear
End With

'Range3 D69 to D76

ThisWorkbook.Names.Add "range3", _
RefersTo:="='" & Path & "[" & File & "]General income statement'!$C$69:$C$76"
With Sheets("General income statement")
.[D69:D76] = "=range3"
.[D69:D76].Copy
Sheets("General income statement").Range("$D$69:$D$76").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
' .[D27:D55].Clear
End With

'Range4 D80 to D82
ThisWorkbook.Names.Add "range4", _
RefersTo:="='" & Path & "[" & File & "]General income statement'!$C$80:$C$82"
With Sheets("General income statement")
.[D80:D82] = "=range4"
.[D80:D82].Copy
Sheets("General income statement").Range("$D$80:$D$82").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
' .[D27:D55].Clear
End With

'Range5 D90 to D98
ThisWorkbook.Names.Add "range5", _
RefersTo:="='" & Path & "[" & File & "]General income statement'!$C$90:$C$98"
With Sheets("General income statement")
.[D90:D98] = "=range5"
.[D90:D98].Copy
Sheets("General income statement").Range("$D$90:$D$98").PasteSpecial xlPasteValues
' .[D27:D55].Clear
End With

End Sub